Knee pain caused by Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common symptom as RA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition that primarily affects the joints, including the knees. Here’s an overview:
Causes of Knee Pain in RA
- Inflammation: RA causes the synovium (joint lining) to become inflamed, leading to swelling and pain.
- Joint Damage: Over time, the cartilage and bone in the knee can be damaged, causing stiffness, instability, and chronic pain.
- Fluid Accumulation: Excess fluid in the knee joint can contribute to swelling and discomfort.
- Tendon and Ligament Weakness: RA can weaken surrounding soft tissues, adding to pain and difficulty in movement.
Symptoms
- Swelling, redness, and warmth in the knees.
- Pain that worsens with activity or after periods of rest.
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after prolonged inactivity.
- Reduced range of motion in the knee joint.
- Fatigue and systemic symptoms like fever (common in RA).
Management of Knee Pain in RA
1. Medications
- Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): E.g., Methotrexate, to slow disease progression.
- Biologics: E.g., TNF inhibitors, to target specific inflammatory pathways.
- NSAIDs: To reduce pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroids: For short-term relief during flare-ups.
2. Physical Therapy
- Stretching and strengthening exercises to maintain knee mobility.
- Hydrotherapy or low-impact activities like swimming.
3. Lifestyle Adjustments
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knees.
- Use knee supports or braces to stabilize the joint.
- Alternate rest with moderate activity to avoid joint stiffness.
4. Hot and Cold Therapy
- Heat: To relax muscles and improve circulation.
- Cold: To reduce swelling and numb acute pain.
5. Surgery (Severe Cases)
- Synovectomy: Removal of inflamed synovium.
- Knee Replacement: For advanced joint damage.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention if:
- Knee pain is persistent or worsening.
- You experience significant swelling or joint deformity.
- Medications fail to control symptoms.
With proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, knee pain from RA can be managed effectively.