Knee pain caused by Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

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Knee pain caused by Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common symptom as RA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition that primarily affects the joints, including the knees. Here’s an overview:

Causes of Knee Pain in RA

  1. Inflammation: RA causes the synovium (joint lining) to become inflamed, leading to swelling and pain.
  2. Joint Damage: Over time, the cartilage and bone in the knee can be damaged, causing stiffness, instability, and chronic pain.
  3. Fluid Accumulation: Excess fluid in the knee joint can contribute to swelling and discomfort.
  4. Tendon and Ligament Weakness: RA can weaken surrounding soft tissues, adding to pain and difficulty in movement.

Symptoms

  • Swelling, redness, and warmth in the knees.
  • Pain that worsens with activity or after periods of rest.
  • Stiffness, especially in the morning or after prolonged inactivity.
  • Reduced range of motion in the knee joint.
  • Fatigue and systemic symptoms like fever (common in RA).

Management of Knee Pain in RA

1. Medications

  • Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): E.g., Methotrexate, to slow disease progression.
  • Biologics: E.g., TNF inhibitors, to target specific inflammatory pathways.
  • NSAIDs: To reduce pain and inflammation.
  • Corticosteroids: For short-term relief during flare-ups.

2. Physical Therapy

  • Stretching and strengthening exercises to maintain knee mobility.
  • Hydrotherapy or low-impact activities like swimming.

3. Lifestyle Adjustments

  • Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knees.
  • Use knee supports or braces to stabilize the joint.
  • Alternate rest with moderate activity to avoid joint stiffness.

4. Hot and Cold Therapy

  • Heat: To relax muscles and improve circulation.
  • Cold: To reduce swelling and numb acute pain.

5. Surgery (Severe Cases)

  • Synovectomy: Removal of inflamed synovium.
  • Knee Replacement: For advanced joint damage.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

  • Knee pain is persistent or worsening.
  • You experience significant swelling or joint deformity.
  • Medications fail to control symptoms.

With proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, knee pain from RA can be managed effectively.

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